Transmissions

Understanding your vehicle's transmission

Your transmission transfers power from the engine to the wheels so the car can move at various speeds. Understanding how it works — and catching problems early — helps you avoid expensive repairs.

How your transmission works

The transmission is a complex system of gears, clutches, and hydraulic fluid that work together to transfer power from the engine to the wheels. There are two main types — automatic and manual.

• Automatic transmission: Shifts gears on its own so the driver can focus on driving.
• Manual transmission: Requires the driver to shift gears using a clutch pedal and gear selector.

Signs of transmission problems

• Slipping gears: Slipping out of gear while driving can mean low fluid, worn clutch plates, or other internal issues.
• Delayed engagement: A hesitation when shifting into gear can point to fluid or hydraulic problems.
• Burning smell: A burning smell — especially with smoke or leaking fluid — can indicate an overheating transmission.
• Fluid leaks: Red or brown fluid under the vehicle usually means a transmission leak. Low fluid leads to overheating and damage.
• Warning lights: A check engine or transmission warning light means the system needs attention.

What to do when you notice issues

• Don't ignore it: Ignoring transmission problems leads to more damage and more expensive repairs.
• Check the fluid: Check the transmission fluid level and condition regularly, following the manufacturer's recommendations.
• Schedule an inspection: If you notice any of the signs above, bring it in as soon as you can.
• Stay on schedule: Follow the manufacturer's maintenance schedule for fluid changes and inspections.